TY - JOUR
T1 - A new perspective on the role of attitudes in explaining travel behavior
T2 - A psychological network model
AU - Kroesen, Maarten
AU - Chorus, Caspar
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - Psychological factors are generally thought to play an important role in the prediction of individual variations in travel behavior and travel related choices. To assess their effects in statistical models, three assumptions are typically made, namely: (1) the psychological factors influence behavior/choices and not vice versa, (2) psychological factors can be conceptualized as latent variables measured by observed indicators and (3) estimated between-person relationships are indicative of within-person relationships. Recent research has shown that each of these assumptions is conceptually and empirically problematic. This paper introduces to the field of travel behavior research an alternative modeling approach which has its roots in the emerging field of Network Psychometrics. This so-called psychological network model avoids the above mentioned problematic assumptions, by modeling the relationships between attitudinal and behavioral indicators as dynamic causal systems which can be operationalized as a network. We illustrate the new insights that may be gained from this approach in a travel behavior context. In particular, we estimate between-person and within-person network models using data from a (two-wave) panel survey containing indicators regarding travel modality use and related attitudes. Our results indicate that the extent to which the use of a mode is considered convenient is most strongly connected to the actual use of the corresponding mode, and that the convenience of using the car takes a central position in the attitude-behavior network. At the within-person level, no strong connections between attitudes and behaviors seem to exist. This latter finding serves as a warning against the practice, embodied in many popular travel behavior models, of interpreting associations between attitudes and (travel) behaviors as causal within-person relations.
AB - Psychological factors are generally thought to play an important role in the prediction of individual variations in travel behavior and travel related choices. To assess their effects in statistical models, three assumptions are typically made, namely: (1) the psychological factors influence behavior/choices and not vice versa, (2) psychological factors can be conceptualized as latent variables measured by observed indicators and (3) estimated between-person relationships are indicative of within-person relationships. Recent research has shown that each of these assumptions is conceptually and empirically problematic. This paper introduces to the field of travel behavior research an alternative modeling approach which has its roots in the emerging field of Network Psychometrics. This so-called psychological network model avoids the above mentioned problematic assumptions, by modeling the relationships between attitudinal and behavioral indicators as dynamic causal systems which can be operationalized as a network. We illustrate the new insights that may be gained from this approach in a travel behavior context. In particular, we estimate between-person and within-person network models using data from a (two-wave) panel survey containing indicators regarding travel modality use and related attitudes. Our results indicate that the extent to which the use of a mode is considered convenient is most strongly connected to the actual use of the corresponding mode, and that the convenience of using the car takes a central position in the attitude-behavior network. At the within-person level, no strong connections between attitudes and behaviors seem to exist. This latter finding serves as a warning against the practice, embodied in many popular travel behavior models, of interpreting associations between attitudes and (travel) behaviors as causal within-person relations.
KW - Attitudes
KW - Between-person and within-person
KW - Causality
KW - Latent variable
KW - Psychological network model
KW - Travel behavior
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85078442288&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.tra.2020.01.014
DO - 10.1016/j.tra.2020.01.014
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85078442288
SN - 0965-8564
VL - 133
SP - 82
EP - 94
JO - Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice
JF - Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice
ER -