TY - JOUR
T1 - A review of methods and data to determine raw material criticality
AU - Schrijvers, Dieuwertje
AU - Hool, Alessandra
AU - Blengini, Gian Andrea
AU - Chen, Wei Qiang
AU - Dewulf, Jo
AU - Eggert, Roderick
AU - van Ellen, Layla
AU - Gauss, Roland
AU - Goddin, James
AU - Peck, David
AU - More Authors, null
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - The assessment of the criticality of raw materials allows the identification of the likelihood of a supply disruption of a material and the vulnerability of a system (e.g. a national economy, technology, or company) to this disruption. Inconclusive outcomes of various studies suggest that criticality assessments would benefit from the identification of best practices. To prepare the field for such guidance, this paper aims to clarify the mechanisms that affect methodological choices which influence the results of a study. This is achieved via literature review and round table discussions among international experts. The paper demonstrates that criticality studies are divergent in the system under study, the anticipated risk, the purpose of the study, and material selection. These differences in goal and scope naturally result in different choices regarding indicator selection, the required level of aggregation as well as the subsequent choice of aggregation method, and the need for a threshold value. However, this link is often weak, which suggests a lack of understanding of cause-and-effect mechanisms of indicators and outcomes. Data availability is a key factor that limits the evaluation of criticality. Furthermore, data quality, including both data uncertainty and data representativeness, is rarely addressed in the interpretation and communication of results. Clear guidance in the formulation of goals and scopes of criticality studies, the selection of adequate indicators and aggregation methods, and the interpretation of the outcomes, are important initial steps in improving the quality of criticality assessments.
AB - The assessment of the criticality of raw materials allows the identification of the likelihood of a supply disruption of a material and the vulnerability of a system (e.g. a national economy, technology, or company) to this disruption. Inconclusive outcomes of various studies suggest that criticality assessments would benefit from the identification of best practices. To prepare the field for such guidance, this paper aims to clarify the mechanisms that affect methodological choices which influence the results of a study. This is achieved via literature review and round table discussions among international experts. The paper demonstrates that criticality studies are divergent in the system under study, the anticipated risk, the purpose of the study, and material selection. These differences in goal and scope naturally result in different choices regarding indicator selection, the required level of aggregation as well as the subsequent choice of aggregation method, and the need for a threshold value. However, this link is often weak, which suggests a lack of understanding of cause-and-effect mechanisms of indicators and outcomes. Data availability is a key factor that limits the evaluation of criticality. Furthermore, data quality, including both data uncertainty and data representativeness, is rarely addressed in the interpretation and communication of results. Clear guidance in the formulation of goals and scopes of criticality studies, the selection of adequate indicators and aggregation methods, and the interpretation of the outcomes, are important initial steps in improving the quality of criticality assessments.
KW - Critical raw materials
KW - Critical resources
KW - Criticality assessment
KW - Material criticality
KW - Strategic raw materials
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85078107923&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.104617
DO - 10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.104617
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85078107923
SN - 0921-3449
VL - 155
JO - Resources, Conservation and Recycling
JF - Resources, Conservation and Recycling
M1 - 104617
ER -