Cortical abnormalities in adults and adolescents with major depression based on brain scans from 20 cohorts worldwide in the ENIGMA Major Depressive Disorder Working Group

L. Schmaal; D. P. Hibar; Philipp G. Sämann; G. B. Hall; B. T. Baune; N. Jahanshad; J. W. Cheung; T. G M Van Erp; D. Bos; Mohammad A. Ikram; Meike W. Vernooij; W. J. Niessen; H Tiemeier; A Hofman; K. Wittfeld; H. J. Grabe; Deborah Janowitz; R. Bülow; M. Selonke; Henry Völzke; D. Grotegerd; U. Dannlowski; V. Arolt; N. Opel; W. Heindel; H Kugel; D. Hoehn; M. Czisch; B. Couvy-Duchesne; Miguel E. Rentería; L. T. Strike; M. J. Wright; N. T. Mills; G. I. De Zubicaray; K. L. McMahon; S. E. Medland; Nicholas G. Martin; N. A. Gillespie; R. Goya-Maldonado; O. Gruber; B. Krämer; S. N. Hatton; J. Lagopoulos; I. B. Hickie; T. Frodl; A. Carballedo; E. M. Frey; L. S. Van Velzen; B. W J H Penninx; M. J. Van Tol; N. J. Van Der Wee; C. G. Davey; B. J. Harrison; B. Mwangi; B. Cao; J. C. Soares; I. M. Veer; H Walter; D. Schoepf; B. Zurowski; C. Konrad; E Schramm; C. Normann; K. Schnell; M. D. Sacchet; I. H. Gotlib; G. M. MacQueen; B. R. Godlewska; T. Nickson; A. M. McIntosh; Martina Papmeyer; H. C. Whalley; J Hall; J. E. Sussmann; M. Li; MT Walter; L. Aftanas; I. Brack; N. A. Bokhan; P. M. Thompson; D. J. Veltman

doi:10.1038/mp.2016.60

Cortical abnormalities in adults and adolescents with major depression based on brain scans from 20 cohorts worldwide in the ENIGMA Major Depressive Disorder Working Group

L. Schmaal^*, D. P. Hibar, Philipp G. Sämann, G. B. Hall, B. T. Baune, N. Jahanshad, J. W. Cheung, T. G M Van Erp, D. Bos, Mohammad A. Ikram, Meike W. Vernooij, W. J. Niessen, H Tiemeier, A Hofman, K. Wittfeld, H. J. Grabe, Deborah Janowitz, R. Bülow, M. Selonke, Henry VölzkeD. Grotegerd, U. Dannlowski, V. Arolt, N. Opel, W. Heindel, H Kugel, D. Hoehn, M. Czisch, B. Couvy-Duchesne, Miguel E. Rentería, L. T. Strike, M. J. Wright, N. T. Mills, G. I. De Zubicaray, K. L. McMahon, S. E. Medland, Nicholas G. Martin, N. A. Gillespie, R. Goya-Maldonado, O. Gruber, B. Krämer, S. N. Hatton, J. Lagopoulos, I. B. Hickie, T. Frodl, A. Carballedo, E. M. Frey, L. S. Van Velzen, B. W J H Penninx, M. J. Van Tol, N. J. Van Der Wee, C. G. Davey, B. J. Harrison, B. Mwangi, B. Cao, J. C. Soares, I. M. Veer, H Walter, D. Schoepf, B. Zurowski, C. Konrad, E Schramm, C. Normann, K. Schnell, M. D. Sacchet, I. H. Gotlib, G. M. MacQueen, B. R. Godlewska, T. Nickson, A. M. McIntosh, Martina Papmeyer, H. C. Whalley, J Hall, J. E. Sussmann, M. Li, MT Walter, L. Aftanas, I. Brack, N. A. Bokhan, P. M. Thompson, D. J. Veltman

^*Corresponding author for this work

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Abstract

The neuro-anatomical substrates of major depressive disorder (MDD) are still not well understood, despite many neuroimaging studies over the past few decades. Here we present the largest ever worldwide study by the ENIGMA (Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis) Major Depressive Disorder Working Group on cortical structural alterations in MDD. Structural T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans from 2148 MDD patients and 7957 healthy controls were analysed with harmonized protocols at 20 sites around the world. To detect consistent effects of MDD and its modulators on cortical thickness and surface area estimates derived from MRI, statistical effects from sites were meta-analysed separately for adults and adolescents. Adults with MDD had thinner cortical gray matter than controls in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), anterior and posterior cingulate, insula and temporal lobes (Cohen's d effect sizes: -0.10 to -0.14). These effects were most pronounced in first episode and adult-onset patients (>21 years). Compared to matched controls, adolescents with MDD had lower total surface area (but no differences in cortical thickness) and regional reductions in frontal regions (medial OFC and superior frontal gyrus) and primary and higher-order visual, somatosensory and motor areas (d: -0.26 to -0.57). The strongest effects were found in recurrent adolescent patients. This highly powered global effort to identify consistent brain abnormalities showed widespread cortical alterations in MDD patients as compared to controls and suggests that MDD may impact brain structure in a highly dynamic way, with different patterns of alterations at different stages of life.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	900-909
Number of pages	10
Journal	Molecular Psychiatry
Volume	22
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2016.60
Publication status	Published - 1 Jun 2017

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10.1038/mp.2016.60

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Schmaal, L., Hibar, D. P., Sämann, P. G., Hall, G. B., Baune, B. T., Jahanshad, N., Cheung, J. W., Van Erp, T. G. M., Bos, D., Ikram, M. A., Vernooij, M. W., Niessen, W. J., Tiemeier, H., Hofman, A., Wittfeld, K., Grabe, H. J., Janowitz, D., Bülow, R., Selonke, M., ... Veltman, D. J. (2017). Cortical abnormalities in adults and adolescents with major depression based on brain scans from 20 cohorts worldwide in the ENIGMA Major Depressive Disorder Working Group. Molecular Psychiatry, 22(6), 900-909. https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2016.60

@article{2177462d4f4d45de8d95081453908395,

title = "Cortical abnormalities in adults and adolescents with major depression based on brain scans from 20 cohorts worldwide in the ENIGMA Major Depressive Disorder Working Group",

abstract = "The neuro-anatomical substrates of major depressive disorder (MDD) are still not well understood, despite many neuroimaging studies over the past few decades. Here we present the largest ever worldwide study by the ENIGMA (Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis) Major Depressive Disorder Working Group on cortical structural alterations in MDD. Structural T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans from 2148 MDD patients and 7957 healthy controls were analysed with harmonized protocols at 20 sites around the world. To detect consistent effects of MDD and its modulators on cortical thickness and surface area estimates derived from MRI, statistical effects from sites were meta-analysed separately for adults and adolescents. Adults with MDD had thinner cortical gray matter than controls in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), anterior and posterior cingulate, insula and temporal lobes (Cohen's d effect sizes: -0.10 to -0.14). These effects were most pronounced in first episode and adult-onset patients (>21 years). Compared to matched controls, adolescents with MDD had lower total surface area (but no differences in cortical thickness) and regional reductions in frontal regions (medial OFC and superior frontal gyrus) and primary and higher-order visual, somatosensory and motor areas (d: -0.26 to -0.57). The strongest effects were found in recurrent adolescent patients. This highly powered global effort to identify consistent brain abnormalities showed widespread cortical alterations in MDD patients as compared to controls and suggests that MDD may impact brain structure in a highly dynamic way, with different patterns of alterations at different stages of life.",

author = "L. Schmaal and Hibar, {D. P.} and S{\"a}mann, {Philipp G.} and Hall, {G. B.} and Baune, {B. T.} and N. Jahanshad and Cheung, {J. W.} and {Van Erp}, {T. G M} and D. Bos and Ikram, {Mohammad A.} and Vernooij, {Meike W.} and Niessen, {W. J.} and H Tiemeier and A Hofman and K. Wittfeld and Grabe, {H. J.} and Deborah Janowitz and R. B{\"u}low and M. Selonke and Henry V{\"o}lzke and D. Grotegerd and U. Dannlowski and V. Arolt and N. Opel and W. Heindel and H Kugel and D. Hoehn and M. Czisch and B. Couvy-Duchesne and Renter{\'i}a, {Miguel E.} and Strike, {L. T.} and Wright, {M. J.} and Mills, {N. T.} and {De Zubicaray}, {G. I.} and McMahon, {K. L.} and Medland, {S. E.} and Martin, {Nicholas G.} and Gillespie, {N. A.} and R. Goya-Maldonado and O. Gruber and B. Kr{\"a}mer and Hatton, {S. N.} and J. Lagopoulos and Hickie, {I. B.} and T. Frodl and A. Carballedo and Frey, {E. M.} and {Van Velzen}, {L. S.} and Penninx, {B. W J H} and {Van Tol}, {M. J.} and {Van Der Wee}, {N. J.} and Davey, {C. G.} and Harrison, {B. J.} and B. Mwangi and B. Cao and Soares, {J. C.} and Veer, {I. M.} and H Walter and D. Schoepf and B. Zurowski and C. Konrad and E Schramm and C. Normann and K. Schnell and Sacchet, {M. D.} and Gotlib, {I. H.} and MacQueen, {G. M.} and Godlewska, {B. R.} and T. Nickson and McIntosh, {A. M.} and Martina Papmeyer and Whalley, {H. C.} and J Hall and Sussmann, {J. E.} and M. Li and MT Walter and L. Aftanas and I. Brack and Bokhan, {N. A.} and Thompson, {P. M.} and Veltman, {D. J.}",

year = "2017",

month = jun,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1038/mp.2016.60",

language = "English",

volume = "22",

pages = "900--909",

journal = "Molecular Psychiatry",

issn = "1359-4184",

publisher = "Nature",

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Schmaal, L, Hibar, DP, Sämann, PG, Hall, GB, Baune, BT, Jahanshad, N, Cheung, JW, Van Erp, TGM, Bos, D, Ikram, MA, Vernooij, MW, Niessen, WJ, Tiemeier, H, Hofman, A, Wittfeld, K, Grabe, HJ, Janowitz, D, Bülow, R, Selonke, M, Völzke, H, Grotegerd, D, Dannlowski, U, Arolt, V, Opel, N, Heindel, W, Kugel, H, Hoehn, D, Czisch, M, Couvy-Duchesne, B, Rentería, ME, Strike, LT, Wright, MJ, Mills, NT, De Zubicaray, GI, McMahon, KL, Medland, SE, Martin, NG, Gillespie, NA, Goya-Maldonado, R, Gruber, O, Krämer, B, Hatton, SN, Lagopoulos, J, Hickie, IB, Frodl, T, Carballedo, A, Frey, EM, Van Velzen, LS, Penninx, BWJH, Van Tol, MJ, Van Der Wee, NJ, Davey, CG, Harrison, BJ, Mwangi, B, Cao, B, Soares, JC, Veer, IM, Walter, H, Schoepf, D, Zurowski, B, Konrad, C, Schramm, E, Normann, C, Schnell, K, Sacchet, MD, Gotlib, IH, MacQueen, GM, Godlewska, BR, Nickson, T, McIntosh, AM, Papmeyer, M, Whalley, HC, Hall, J, Sussmann, JE, Li, M, Walter, MT, Aftanas, L, Brack, I, Bokhan, NA, Thompson, PM & Veltman, DJ 2017, 'Cortical abnormalities in adults and adolescents with major depression based on brain scans from 20 cohorts worldwide in the ENIGMA Major Depressive Disorder Working Group', Molecular Psychiatry, vol. 22, no. 6, pp. 900-909. https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2016.60

Cortical abnormalities in adults and adolescents with major depression based on brain scans from 20 cohorts worldwide in the ENIGMA Major Depressive Disorder Working Group. / Schmaal, L.; Hibar, D. P.; Sämann, Philipp G. et al.
In: Molecular Psychiatry, Vol. 22, No. 6, 01.06.2017, p. 900-909.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Scientific › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Cortical abnormalities in adults and adolescents with major depression based on brain scans from 20 cohorts worldwide in the ENIGMA Major Depressive Disorder Working Group

AU - Schmaal, L.

AU - Hibar, D. P.

AU - Sämann, Philipp G.

AU - Hall, G. B.

AU - Baune, B. T.

AU - Jahanshad, N.

AU - Cheung, J. W.

AU - Van Erp, T. G M

AU - Bos, D.

AU - Ikram, Mohammad A.

AU - Vernooij, Meike W.

AU - Niessen, W. J.

AU - Tiemeier, H

AU - Hofman, A

AU - Wittfeld, K.

AU - Grabe, H. J.

AU - Janowitz, Deborah

AU - Bülow, R.

AU - Selonke, M.

AU - Völzke, Henry

AU - Grotegerd, D.

AU - Dannlowski, U.

AU - Arolt, V.

AU - Opel, N.

AU - Heindel, W.

AU - Kugel, H

AU - Hoehn, D.

AU - Czisch, M.

AU - Couvy-Duchesne, B.

AU - Rentería, Miguel E.

AU - Strike, L. T.

AU - Wright, M. J.

AU - Mills, N. T.

AU - De Zubicaray, G. I.

AU - McMahon, K. L.

AU - Medland, S. E.

AU - Martin, Nicholas G.

AU - Gillespie, N. A.

AU - Goya-Maldonado, R.

AU - Gruber, O.

AU - Krämer, B.

AU - Hatton, S. N.

AU - Lagopoulos, J.

AU - Hickie, I. B.

AU - Frodl, T.

AU - Carballedo, A.

AU - Frey, E. M.

AU - Van Velzen, L. S.

AU - Penninx, B. W J H

AU - Van Tol, M. J.

AU - Van Der Wee, N. J.

AU - Davey, C. G.

AU - Harrison, B. J.

AU - Mwangi, B.

AU - Cao, B.

AU - Soares, J. C.

AU - Veer, I. M.

AU - Walter, H

AU - Schoepf, D.

AU - Zurowski, B.

AU - Konrad, C.

AU - Schramm, E

AU - Normann, C.

AU - Schnell, K.

AU - Sacchet, M. D.

AU - Gotlib, I. H.

AU - MacQueen, G. M.

AU - Godlewska, B. R.

AU - Nickson, T.

AU - McIntosh, A. M.

AU - Papmeyer, Martina

AU - Whalley, H. C.

AU - Hall, J

AU - Sussmann, J. E.

AU - Li, M.

AU - Walter, MT

AU - Aftanas, L.

AU - Brack, I.

AU - Bokhan, N. A.

AU - Thompson, P. M.

AU - Veltman, D. J.

PY - 2017/6/1

Y1 - 2017/6/1

N2 - The neuro-anatomical substrates of major depressive disorder (MDD) are still not well understood, despite many neuroimaging studies over the past few decades. Here we present the largest ever worldwide study by the ENIGMA (Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis) Major Depressive Disorder Working Group on cortical structural alterations in MDD. Structural T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans from 2148 MDD patients and 7957 healthy controls were analysed with harmonized protocols at 20 sites around the world. To detect consistent effects of MDD and its modulators on cortical thickness and surface area estimates derived from MRI, statistical effects from sites were meta-analysed separately for adults and adolescents. Adults with MDD had thinner cortical gray matter than controls in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), anterior and posterior cingulate, insula and temporal lobes (Cohen's d effect sizes: -0.10 to -0.14). These effects were most pronounced in first episode and adult-onset patients (>21 years). Compared to matched controls, adolescents with MDD had lower total surface area (but no differences in cortical thickness) and regional reductions in frontal regions (medial OFC and superior frontal gyrus) and primary and higher-order visual, somatosensory and motor areas (d: -0.26 to -0.57). The strongest effects were found in recurrent adolescent patients. This highly powered global effort to identify consistent brain abnormalities showed widespread cortical alterations in MDD patients as compared to controls and suggests that MDD may impact brain structure in a highly dynamic way, with different patterns of alterations at different stages of life.

AB - The neuro-anatomical substrates of major depressive disorder (MDD) are still not well understood, despite many neuroimaging studies over the past few decades. Here we present the largest ever worldwide study by the ENIGMA (Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis) Major Depressive Disorder Working Group on cortical structural alterations in MDD. Structural T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans from 2148 MDD patients and 7957 healthy controls were analysed with harmonized protocols at 20 sites around the world. To detect consistent effects of MDD and its modulators on cortical thickness and surface area estimates derived from MRI, statistical effects from sites were meta-analysed separately for adults and adolescents. Adults with MDD had thinner cortical gray matter than controls in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), anterior and posterior cingulate, insula and temporal lobes (Cohen's d effect sizes: -0.10 to -0.14). These effects were most pronounced in first episode and adult-onset patients (>21 years). Compared to matched controls, adolescents with MDD had lower total surface area (but no differences in cortical thickness) and regional reductions in frontal regions (medial OFC and superior frontal gyrus) and primary and higher-order visual, somatosensory and motor areas (d: -0.26 to -0.57). The strongest effects were found in recurrent adolescent patients. This highly powered global effort to identify consistent brain abnormalities showed widespread cortical alterations in MDD patients as compared to controls and suggests that MDD may impact brain structure in a highly dynamic way, with different patterns of alterations at different stages of life.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84965019188&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1038/mp.2016.60

DO - 10.1038/mp.2016.60

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:84965019188

SN - 1359-4184

VL - 22

SP - 900

EP - 909

JO - Molecular Psychiatry

JF - Molecular Psychiatry

IS - 6

ER -

Cortical abnormalities in adults and adolescents with major depression based on brain scans from 20 cohorts worldwide in the ENIGMA Major Depressive Disorder Working Group

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