TY - JOUR
T1 - Creation of Conductive Graphene Materials by Bacterial Reduction Using Shewanella Oneidensis
AU - Lehner, Benjamin A.E.
AU - Janssen, Vera A.E.C.
AU - Spiesz, Ewa M.
AU - Benz, Dominik
AU - Brouns, Stan J.J.
AU - Meyer, Anne S.
AU - van der Zant, Herre S.J.
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 - Graphene's maximized surface-to-volume ratio, high conductance, mechanical strength, and flexibility make it a promising nanomaterial. However, large-scale graphene production is typically cost-intensive. This manuscript describes a microbial reduction approach for producing graphene that utilizes the bacterium Shewanella oneidensis in combination with modern nanotechnology to enable a low-cost, large-scale production method. The bacterial reduction approach presented in this paper increases the conductance of single graphene oxide flakes as well as bulk graphene oxide sheets by 2.1 to 2.7 orders of magnitude respectively while simultaneously retaining a high surface-area-to-thickness ratio. Shewanella-mediated reduction was employed in conjunction with electron-beam lithography to reduce one surface of individual graphene oxide flakes. This methodology yielded conducting flakes with differing functionalization on the top and bottom faces. Therefore, microbial reduction of graphene oxide enables the development and up-scaling of new types of graphene-based materials and devices with a variety of applications including nano-composites, conductive inks, and biosensors, while avoiding usage of hazardous, environmentally-unfriendly chemicals.
AB - Graphene's maximized surface-to-volume ratio, high conductance, mechanical strength, and flexibility make it a promising nanomaterial. However, large-scale graphene production is typically cost-intensive. This manuscript describes a microbial reduction approach for producing graphene that utilizes the bacterium Shewanella oneidensis in combination with modern nanotechnology to enable a low-cost, large-scale production method. The bacterial reduction approach presented in this paper increases the conductance of single graphene oxide flakes as well as bulk graphene oxide sheets by 2.1 to 2.7 orders of magnitude respectively while simultaneously retaining a high surface-area-to-thickness ratio. Shewanella-mediated reduction was employed in conjunction with electron-beam lithography to reduce one surface of individual graphene oxide flakes. This methodology yielded conducting flakes with differing functionalization on the top and bottom faces. Therefore, microbial reduction of graphene oxide enables the development and up-scaling of new types of graphene-based materials and devices with a variety of applications including nano-composites, conductive inks, and biosensors, while avoiding usage of hazardous, environmentally-unfriendly chemicals.
KW - graphene oxide
KW - microbial reductions
KW - nanomaterials
KW - Shewanella oneidensis
KW - sustainable reactions
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85069975079&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/open.201900186
DO - 10.1002/open.201900186
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85069975079
SN - 2191-1363
VL - 8
SP - 888
EP - 895
JO - ChemistryOpen
JF - ChemistryOpen
IS - 7
ER -