Development and implementation of supply chain optimization framework for CO₂ capture and storage in the Netherlands

In this work, we develop a mixed integer linear optimization model that can be used to select appropriate sources, capture technologies, transportation network and CO₂ storage sites and optimize for a minimum overall cost for a nationwide CO₂ emission reduction in the Netherlands. Five different scenarios are formulated by varying the location of source and storage sites available in the Netherlands. The results show that the minimum overall cost of all scenarios is €47.8 billion for 25 years of operation and 54Mtpa capture of CO₂. Based on the investigated technologies, this work identifies Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) as the most efficient for post-combustion CO₂ capture in the Netherlands. The foremost outcome of this study is that the capture and compression is the dominant force contributing to a majority of the cost.