TY - JOUR
T1 - Enhanced Interface Adhesion by Novel Eco-Epoxy Adhesives Based on the Modified Tannic Acid on Al and CFRP Adherends
AU - Tomić, Nataša Z.
AU - Saleh, Mohamed Nasr
AU - de Freitas, Sofia Teixeira
AU - Živković, Andreja
AU - Vuksanović, Marija
AU - Poulis, Johannes A.
AU - Marinković, Aleksandar
PY - 2020/7/12
Y1 - 2020/7/12
N2 - This paper presents a new process for obtaining eco-epoxide adhesives synthesized from bio-renewable raw material (tannic acid-TA) and used for bonding lightweight materials (aluminum (Al) and carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP). Two synthesized bio-epoxy components based on TA, (A) glycidyl ether and (B) glycidyl phosphate ester of TA, were used as a replacement for the toxic epoxy component based on Bisphenol A. The effect of eco-epoxy components on the interface adhesion was measured by the determination of adhesion parameter b, which was compared to the reference epoxy (REF). The increase of adhesion parameter b was 77.5% for A and 151.5% for B. The adhesion of both eco-adhesives was tested using the bell peel test (BPT) with the Al and CFRP adherends. When compared to REF, the average peel load for B was 17.6% (39.3%) and 58.3% (176.9%) higher for the Al and CFRP adherends, respectively. Complete adhesion failure of REF reflected the weak adhesion to both Al and CFRP, which was improved by the addition of eco-epoxy components A and B showing the presence of cohesive failure. The microhardness testing method of interface adhesion was proven to be a fast and reliable testing method, providing a qualitative indication in adhesive selection.
AB - This paper presents a new process for obtaining eco-epoxide adhesives synthesized from bio-renewable raw material (tannic acid-TA) and used for bonding lightweight materials (aluminum (Al) and carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP). Two synthesized bio-epoxy components based on TA, (A) glycidyl ether and (B) glycidyl phosphate ester of TA, were used as a replacement for the toxic epoxy component based on Bisphenol A. The effect of eco-epoxy components on the interface adhesion was measured by the determination of adhesion parameter b, which was compared to the reference epoxy (REF). The increase of adhesion parameter b was 77.5% for A and 151.5% for B. The adhesion of both eco-adhesives was tested using the bell peel test (BPT) with the Al and CFRP adherends. When compared to REF, the average peel load for B was 17.6% (39.3%) and 58.3% (176.9%) higher for the Al and CFRP adherends, respectively. Complete adhesion failure of REF reflected the weak adhesion to both Al and CFRP, which was improved by the addition of eco-epoxy components A and B showing the presence of cohesive failure. The microhardness testing method of interface adhesion was proven to be a fast and reliable testing method, providing a qualitative indication in adhesive selection.
KW - adhesion parameter
KW - adhesives
KW - bell peel test
KW - epoxides
KW - tannic acid
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85088298715&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/POLYM12071541
DO - 10.3390/POLYM12071541
M3 - Article
SN - 2073-4360
VL - 12
SP - 1541
JO - Polymers
JF - Polymers
IS - 7
M1 - 1541
ER -
