Geographic data as personal data in four EU member states

A.-J. de Jong; Bastiaan van Loenen; J.A. Zevenbergen

doi:10.5194/isprsannals-III-2-151-2016

Geographic data as personal data in four EU member states

A.-J. de Jong, Bastiaan van Loenen, J.A. Zevenbergen

Research output: Chapter in Book/Conference proceedings/Edited volume › Conference contribution › Scientific › peer-review

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Abstract

The EU Directive 95/46/EC on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data aims at harmonising data protection legislation in the European Union. This should promote the free flow of products and services within the EU. This research found a wide variety of interpretations of the application of data protection legislation to geographic data. The variety was found among the different EU Member States, the different stakeholders and the different types of
geographic data. In the Netherlands, the Data Protection Authority (DPA) states that panoramic images of streets are considered personal data. While Dutch case law judges that the data protection legislation does not apply if certain features are blurred and no link to an address is provided. The topographic datasets studied in the case studies do not contain personal data, according to the
Dutch DPA, while the German DPA and the Belgian DPA judge that topographic maps of a large scale can contain personal data, and impose conditions on the processing of topographic maps. The UK DPA does consider this data outside of the scope of legal definition of personal data. The patchwork of differences in data protection legislation can be harmonised by using a traffic light
model. This model focuses on the context in which the processing of the data takes place and has four categories of data: (1) sensitive personal data, (2) personal data, (3), data that can possibly lead to identification, and (4) non-personal data. For some geographic data, for example factual data that does not reveal sensitive information about a person, can be categorised in the third
category giving room to opening up data under the INSPIRE Directive.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	XXIII ISPRS Congress, Commission II
Editors	L. Halounova, S. Li, V. Safár, M. Tomková, P. Rapant, K. Brázdil, W. Shi, F. Anton, Y. Liu, A. Stein, T. Cheng, C. Pettit, Q.-Q. Li, M. Sester, M.A. Mostafavi, M. Madden, X. Tong, M.A. Brovelli, K. Haekyong, H. Kawashima, A. Coltekin
Publisher	Copernicus
Pages	151-157
Number of pages	7
Volume	III-2
ISBN (Electronic)	2194-9050
ISBN (Print)	2194-9042
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.5194/isprsannals-III-2-151-2016
Publication status	Published - 2 Jun 2016
Event	XXIII ISPRS Congress: From human history to the future with spatial information - Prague, Czech Republic Duration: 12 Jul 2016 → 19 Jul 2016 Conference number: 23 http://www.isprs2016-prague.com/

Publication series

Name	ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences
Publisher	Copernicus Publications
Volume	III-2
ISSN (Print)	2194-9042
ISSN (Electronic)	2194-9050

Conference

Conference	XXIII ISPRS Congress
Country/Territory	Czech Republic
City	Prague
Period	12/07/16 → 19/07/16
Internet address	http://www.isprs2016-prague.com/

Keywords

data protection
open data

Access to Document

10.5194/isprsannals-III-2-151-2016Licence: Unspecified

isprs-annals-III-2-151-2016Final published version, 718 KBLicence: CC BY

Cite this

de Jong, A.-J., van Loenen, B., & Zevenbergen, J. A. (2016). Geographic data as personal data in four EU member states. In L. Halounova, S. Li, V. Safár, M. Tomková, P. Rapant, K. Brázdil, W. Shi, F. Anton, Y. Liu, A. Stein, T. Cheng, C. Pettit, Q.-Q. Li, M. Sester, M. A. Mostafavi, M. Madden, X. Tong, M. A. Brovelli, K. Haekyong, H. Kawashima, ... A. Coltekin (Eds.), XXIII ISPRS Congress, Commission II (Vol. III-2, pp. 151-157). (ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences; Vol. III-2). Copernicus. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprsannals-III-2-151-2016

de Jong, A.-J. ; van Loenen, Bastiaan ; Zevenbergen, J.A. / Geographic data as personal data in four EU member states. XXIII ISPRS Congress, Commission II. editor / L. Halounova ; S. Li ; V. Safár ; M. Tomková ; P. Rapant ; K. Brázdil ; W. Shi ; F. Anton ; Y. Liu ; A. Stein ; T. Cheng ; C. Pettit ; Q.-Q. Li ; M. Sester ; M.A. Mostafavi ; M. Madden ; X. Tong ; M.A. Brovelli ; K. Haekyong ; H. Kawashima ; A. Coltekin. Vol. III-2 Copernicus, 2016. pp. 151-157 (ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences).

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title = "Geographic data as personal data in four EU member states",

abstract = "The EU Directive 95/46/EC on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data aims at harmonising data protection legislation in the European Union. This should promote the free flow of products and services within the EU. This research found a wide variety of interpretations of the application of data protection legislation to geographic data. The variety was found among the different EU Member States, the different stakeholders and the different types ofgeographic data. In the Netherlands, the Data Protection Authority (DPA) states that panoramic images of streets are considered personal data. While Dutch case law judges that the data protection legislation does not apply if certain features are blurred and no link to an address is provided. The topographic datasets studied in the case studies do not contain personal data, according to theDutch DPA, while the German DPA and the Belgian DPA judge that topographic maps of a large scale can contain personal data, and impose conditions on the processing of topographic maps. The UK DPA does consider this data outside of the scope of legal definition of personal data. The patchwork of differences in data protection legislation can be harmonised by using a traffic lightmodel. This model focuses on the context in which the processing of the data takes place and has four categories of data: (1) sensitive personal data, (2) personal data, (3), data that can possibly lead to identification, and (4) non-personal data. For some geographic data, for example factual data that does not reveal sensitive information about a person, can be categorised in the thirdcategory giving room to opening up data under the INSPIRE Directive.",

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author = "{de Jong}, A.-J. and {van Loenen}, Bastiaan and J.A. Zevenbergen",

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booktitle = "XXIII ISPRS Congress, Commission II",

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de Jong, A-J, van Loenen, B & Zevenbergen, JA 2016, Geographic data as personal data in four EU member states. in L Halounova, S Li, V Safár, M Tomková, P Rapant, K Brázdil, W Shi, F Anton, Y Liu, A Stein, T Cheng, C Pettit, Q-Q Li, M Sester, MA Mostafavi, M Madden, X Tong, MA Brovelli, K Haekyong, H Kawashima & A Coltekin (eds), XXIII ISPRS Congress, Commission II. vol. III-2, ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, vol. III-2, Copernicus, pp. 151-157, XXIII ISPRS Congress, Prague, Czech Republic, 12/07/16. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprsannals-III-2-151-2016

Geographic data as personal data in four EU member states. / de Jong, A.-J.; van Loenen, Bastiaan; Zevenbergen, J.A.
XXIII ISPRS Congress, Commission II. ed. / L. Halounova; S. Li; V. Safár; M. Tomková; P. Rapant; K. Brázdil; W. Shi; F. Anton; Y. Liu; A. Stein; T. Cheng; C. Pettit; Q.-Q. Li; M. Sester; M.A. Mostafavi; M. Madden; X. Tong; M.A. Brovelli; K. Haekyong; H. Kawashima; A. Coltekin. Vol. III-2 Copernicus, 2016. p. 151-157 (ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences; Vol. III-2).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Conference proceedings/Edited volume › Conference contribution › Scientific › peer-review

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T1 - Geographic data as personal data in four EU member states

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AU - van Loenen, Bastiaan

AU - Zevenbergen, J.A.

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N2 - The EU Directive 95/46/EC on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data aims at harmonising data protection legislation in the European Union. This should promote the free flow of products and services within the EU. This research found a wide variety of interpretations of the application of data protection legislation to geographic data. The variety was found among the different EU Member States, the different stakeholders and the different types ofgeographic data. In the Netherlands, the Data Protection Authority (DPA) states that panoramic images of streets are considered personal data. While Dutch case law judges that the data protection legislation does not apply if certain features are blurred and no link to an address is provided. The topographic datasets studied in the case studies do not contain personal data, according to theDutch DPA, while the German DPA and the Belgian DPA judge that topographic maps of a large scale can contain personal data, and impose conditions on the processing of topographic maps. The UK DPA does consider this data outside of the scope of legal definition of personal data. The patchwork of differences in data protection legislation can be harmonised by using a traffic lightmodel. This model focuses on the context in which the processing of the data takes place and has four categories of data: (1) sensitive personal data, (2) personal data, (3), data that can possibly lead to identification, and (4) non-personal data. For some geographic data, for example factual data that does not reveal sensitive information about a person, can be categorised in the thirdcategory giving room to opening up data under the INSPIRE Directive.

AB - The EU Directive 95/46/EC on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data aims at harmonising data protection legislation in the European Union. This should promote the free flow of products and services within the EU. This research found a wide variety of interpretations of the application of data protection legislation to geographic data. The variety was found among the different EU Member States, the different stakeholders and the different types ofgeographic data. In the Netherlands, the Data Protection Authority (DPA) states that panoramic images of streets are considered personal data. While Dutch case law judges that the data protection legislation does not apply if certain features are blurred and no link to an address is provided. The topographic datasets studied in the case studies do not contain personal data, according to theDutch DPA, while the German DPA and the Belgian DPA judge that topographic maps of a large scale can contain personal data, and impose conditions on the processing of topographic maps. The UK DPA does consider this data outside of the scope of legal definition of personal data. The patchwork of differences in data protection legislation can be harmonised by using a traffic lightmodel. This model focuses on the context in which the processing of the data takes place and has four categories of data: (1) sensitive personal data, (2) personal data, (3), data that can possibly lead to identification, and (4) non-personal data. For some geographic data, for example factual data that does not reveal sensitive information about a person, can be categorised in the thirdcategory giving room to opening up data under the INSPIRE Directive.

KW - data protection

KW - open data

UR - http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:61963329-4416-4cac-84ca-de55c6b38e3c

U2 - 10.5194/isprsannals-III-2-151-2016

DO - 10.5194/isprsannals-III-2-151-2016

M3 - Conference contribution

SN - 2194-9042

VL - III-2

T3 - ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences

SP - 151

EP - 157

BT - XXIII ISPRS Congress, Commission II

A2 - Halounova, L.

A2 - Li, S.

A2 - Safár, V.

A2 - Tomková, M.

A2 - Rapant, P.

A2 - Brázdil, K.

A2 - Shi, W.

A2 - Anton, F.

A2 - Liu, Y.

A2 - Stein, A.

A2 - Cheng, T.

A2 - Pettit, C.

A2 - Li, Q.-Q.

A2 - Sester, M.

A2 - Mostafavi, M.A.

A2 - Madden, M.

A2 - Tong, X.

A2 - Brovelli, M.A.

A2 - Haekyong, K.

A2 - Kawashima, H.

A2 - Coltekin, A.

PB - Copernicus

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ER -

de Jong AJ, van Loenen B, Zevenbergen JA. Geographic data as personal data in four EU member states. In Halounova L, Li S, Safár V, Tomková M, Rapant P, Brázdil K, Shi W, Anton F, Liu Y, Stein A, Cheng T, Pettit C, Li QQ, Sester M, Mostafavi MA, Madden M, Tong X, Brovelli MA, Haekyong K, Kawashima H, Coltekin A, editors, XXIII ISPRS Congress, Commission II. Vol. III-2. Copernicus. 2016. p. 151-157. (ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences). doi: 10.5194/isprsannals-III-2-151-2016

Geographic data as personal data in four EU member states

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