TY - JOUR
T1 - Leaching characteristics and mechanism of the synthetic calcium-aluminate slags for alumina recovery
AU - Azof, Fabian Imanasa
AU - Yang, Yongxiang
AU - Panias, Dimitrios
AU - Kolbeinsen, Leiv
AU - Safarian, Jafar
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 -
The leaching characteristics and mechanism of synthetic CaO-Al
2
O
3
slags in alkaline solution at atmospheric pressure have been studied. The purpose of the study is to have a better understanding of the leaching part of the Pedersen process, as an alternative to the Bayer process for alumina production. The crystalline slags containing CaAl
2
O
4
, Ca
3
Al
2
O
6
, CaAl
4
O
7
, and Ca
12
Al
14
O
33
phases, and leaching residues (predominantly CaCO
3
) are characterized by X-ray Diffraction and semi-quantitative analysis. Of the leaching characteristics in a solution containing 120 g/L Na
2
CO
3
, the slag with the highest amount of Ca
12
Al
14
O
33
phase is the most leachable one in the CaO-Al
2
O
3
system with about 95% of alumina extraction. The leaching extent is confirmed employing Inductively Coupled Plasma-High Resolution-Mass Spectrometer (ICP-HR-MS) analysis, and it decreases by 0.4% for every percent of the bayerite (Al(OH)
3
) formation during the leaching. The less stable form of CaCO
3
, i.e., vaterite, is formed over the leached slag particles that consist 33–49 wt% CaO, while Ca
3
Al
2
(OH)
12
(tricalcium alumina hydrate) precipitated at relatively low concentrations (< 6 wt%) in all residue. The non-bridging oxygen (NBO) over tetrahedral structure (T) index shows that the atomic structure may affect the leaching extent of the slags, the lower NBO/T index of the phase is the more difficult for the phase to leach or depolymerize. However, the Ca
12
Al
14
O
33
phase is an exception case where it has “free” O-ions at the center of the cage structure, which makes it easily depolymerize, therefore, the NBO/T index for the Ca
12
Al
14
O
33
phase becomes irrelevant. Furthermore, the morphology and size evolution of the obtained residue measured with laser particle analyzer indicates the agglomeration behavior of the residue particles during the leaching process.
AB -
The leaching characteristics and mechanism of synthetic CaO-Al
2
O
3
slags in alkaline solution at atmospheric pressure have been studied. The purpose of the study is to have a better understanding of the leaching part of the Pedersen process, as an alternative to the Bayer process for alumina production. The crystalline slags containing CaAl
2
O
4
, Ca
3
Al
2
O
6
, CaAl
4
O
7
, and Ca
12
Al
14
O
33
phases, and leaching residues (predominantly CaCO
3
) are characterized by X-ray Diffraction and semi-quantitative analysis. Of the leaching characteristics in a solution containing 120 g/L Na
2
CO
3
, the slag with the highest amount of Ca
12
Al
14
O
33
phase is the most leachable one in the CaO-Al
2
O
3
system with about 95% of alumina extraction. The leaching extent is confirmed employing Inductively Coupled Plasma-High Resolution-Mass Spectrometer (ICP-HR-MS) analysis, and it decreases by 0.4% for every percent of the bayerite (Al(OH)
3
) formation during the leaching. The less stable form of CaCO
3
, i.e., vaterite, is formed over the leached slag particles that consist 33–49 wt% CaO, while Ca
3
Al
2
(OH)
12
(tricalcium alumina hydrate) precipitated at relatively low concentrations (< 6 wt%) in all residue. The non-bridging oxygen (NBO) over tetrahedral structure (T) index shows that the atomic structure may affect the leaching extent of the slags, the lower NBO/T index of the phase is the more difficult for the phase to leach or depolymerize. However, the Ca
12
Al
14
O
33
phase is an exception case where it has “free” O-ions at the center of the cage structure, which makes it easily depolymerize, therefore, the NBO/T index for the Ca
12
Al
14
O
33
phase becomes irrelevant. Furthermore, the morphology and size evolution of the obtained residue measured with laser particle analyzer indicates the agglomeration behavior of the residue particles during the leaching process.
KW - Alumina
KW - Calcium-aluminate slags
KW - CaO-Al O system
KW - Leaching characteristics
KW - Leaching mechanism
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85063218860&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.hydromet.2019.03.006
DO - 10.1016/j.hydromet.2019.03.006
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85063218860
SN - 0304-386X
VL - 185
SP - 273
EP - 290
JO - Hydrometallurgy
JF - Hydrometallurgy
ER -