TY - JOUR
T1 - Quantifying the impact of dispersion, acidity and porosity of Mo/HZSM-5 on the performance in methane dehydroaromatization
AU - Vollmer, Ina
AU - Mondal, Amantrita
AU - Yarulina, Irina
AU - Abou-Hamad, Edy
AU - Kapteijn, Freek
AU - Gascon, Jorge
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 -
The catalytic performance of the bifunctional catalyst Mo/HZSM-5 for methane dehydroaromatization (MDA) depends on the Mo dispersion and on zeolite acidity. Here we separately quantify the effect of dispersion and the effect of acidity on aromatic yields and coke selectivity. Also, the effect of porosity on the same is quantitatively assessed. For that, a suite of 17 samples with varying Mo dispersion were synthesized by means of several methods, including chemical vapor deposition with MoCl
5
, MoO
2
Cl
2
and Mo(CO)
6
as precursors and the conventional methods, incipient wetness impregnation and solid ion exchange. These catalysts were characterized with pyridine IR-spectroscopy, XPS, UV–vis spectroscopy, N
2
adsorption, XRD, TGA and
27
Al MAS NMR. The combined results yielded a measure of how much Mo is anchored to the zeolite as well-defined cationic species and how much is present as bigger clusters on the outer surface of the zeolite. Through relating these characterization results to the catalytic behavior of the catalysts, it was found that the maximum instantaneous benzene and naphthalene yields as well as the integral selectivities during methane dehydroaromatization linearly increase with the amount of Mo present as mono- or dimeric species. At the same time, the selectivity to coke increases with the amount of Mo present as bigger clusters or nanoparticles on the outer surface of the zeolite. The number of Mo cationic sites is the most important factor determining the activity of Mo/HZSM-5 for low loadings of Mo. But at higher loadings, the high rate of aromatics formation requires an easily accessible pore structure as well.
AB -
The catalytic performance of the bifunctional catalyst Mo/HZSM-5 for methane dehydroaromatization (MDA) depends on the Mo dispersion and on zeolite acidity. Here we separately quantify the effect of dispersion and the effect of acidity on aromatic yields and coke selectivity. Also, the effect of porosity on the same is quantitatively assessed. For that, a suite of 17 samples with varying Mo dispersion were synthesized by means of several methods, including chemical vapor deposition with MoCl
5
, MoO
2
Cl
2
and Mo(CO)
6
as precursors and the conventional methods, incipient wetness impregnation and solid ion exchange. These catalysts were characterized with pyridine IR-spectroscopy, XPS, UV–vis spectroscopy, N
2
adsorption, XRD, TGA and
27
Al MAS NMR. The combined results yielded a measure of how much Mo is anchored to the zeolite as well-defined cationic species and how much is present as bigger clusters on the outer surface of the zeolite. Through relating these characterization results to the catalytic behavior of the catalysts, it was found that the maximum instantaneous benzene and naphthalene yields as well as the integral selectivities during methane dehydroaromatization linearly increase with the amount of Mo present as mono- or dimeric species. At the same time, the selectivity to coke increases with the amount of Mo present as bigger clusters or nanoparticles on the outer surface of the zeolite. The number of Mo cationic sites is the most important factor determining the activity of Mo/HZSM-5 for low loadings of Mo. But at higher loadings, the high rate of aromatics formation requires an easily accessible pore structure as well.
KW - CVD
KW - Methane dehydroaromatization
KW - Mo/HZSM-5
KW - N adsorption
KW - Py IR
KW - Sublimation
KW - UV–vis
KW - XPS
KW - XRD
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85061332672&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.apcata.2019.01.022
DO - 10.1016/j.apcata.2019.01.022
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85061332672
SN - 0926-860X
VL - 574
SP - 144
EP - 150
JO - Applied Catalysis A: General
JF - Applied Catalysis A: General
ER -