TY - JOUR
T1 - THz Imaging Using Uncooled Wideband Direct Detection Focal Plane Arrays
AU - van Berkel, Sven
AU - Yurduseven, Ozan
AU - Freni, Angelo
AU - Neto, Andrea
AU - Llombart, Nuria
PY - 2017
Y1 - 2017
N2 - In millimeter and submillimeter-wave radiometric imaging systems, a persistent goal is the increase in the speed of acquisition of the image while maintaining a high sensitivity. Typically, the highest sensitivity is achieved by cryogenically cooling the detectors, specifically in astronomical applications. However, for the purpose of low-cost imaging applications, it is desirable to operate at room temperature. Without cryogenically cooling, the electronic noise introduced by the detectors becomes dominant, making the detectors less sensitive. Resorting to detection architectures containing amplification circuitry might be impractical for implementation in large focal plane arrays (FPAs) fabricated in integrated technologies. This contribution derives the focal plane architecture that maximizes the imaging speed of radiometers operating at room temperature without using any amplification circuitry. It is shown that in such scenario a practical image acquisition speed can still be achieved when a very broad portion of the THz-band is exploited. Ultimately, the imaging speed is maximized when the FPA is undersampled, implying a tradeoff in the size of the optics. The analysis is substantiated by a case study with recently developed wideband leaky lens antenna feeds operating from 200 to 600 GHz.
AB - In millimeter and submillimeter-wave radiometric imaging systems, a persistent goal is the increase in the speed of acquisition of the image while maintaining a high sensitivity. Typically, the highest sensitivity is achieved by cryogenically cooling the detectors, specifically in astronomical applications. However, for the purpose of low-cost imaging applications, it is desirable to operate at room temperature. Without cryogenically cooling, the electronic noise introduced by the detectors becomes dominant, making the detectors less sensitive. Resorting to detection architectures containing amplification circuitry might be impractical for implementation in large focal plane arrays (FPAs) fabricated in integrated technologies. This contribution derives the focal plane architecture that maximizes the imaging speed of radiometers operating at room temperature without using any amplification circuitry. It is shown that in such scenario a practical image acquisition speed can still be achieved when a very broad portion of the THz-band is exploited. Ultimately, the imaging speed is maximized when the FPA is undersampled, implying a tradeoff in the size of the optics. The analysis is substantiated by a case study with recently developed wideband leaky lens antenna feeds operating from 200 to 600 GHz.
KW - Direct detection
KW - focal plane arrays (FPAs)
KW - leaky lens antennas
KW - passive imaging
KW - radiometry
KW - wideband antennas
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85028528843&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e7f36c2d-be27-467a-af4b-44dd1995120c
U2 - 10.1109/TTHZ.2017.2736338
DO - 10.1109/TTHZ.2017.2736338
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85028528843
SN - 2156-342X
VL - 7
SP - 481
EP - 492
JO - IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology
JF - IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology
IS - 5
M1 - 8016629
ER -